Sunday, October 13, 2019
paganbeo Pagan and Heathen Elements in Beowulf Essays -- Epic Beowulf
Pagan/Heathen Elements in Beowulf      In Beowulf the pagan element, which coexists alongside the Christian, sometimes in a seemingly contradictory fashion, is many faceted.  Certainly the pagan element seems to be too deeply interwoven in the text of Beowulf for us to suppose that it is due to additions made by scribes. While the poet’s reflections and characters’ statements are mostly Christian, the customs and ceremonies, on the other hand, are almost entirely heathen/pagan. This fact seems to point to a heathen work which has undergone revision by Christian minstrels. â€Å"The poet’s heroic age is full of men both ‘emphatically pagan and exceptionally good,’ men who believe in a God whom they thank at every imaginable opportunity. Yet they perform all the pagan rites known to Tacitua, and are not Christian†(Frank 52).  One of the foremost pagan practices in Beowulf is the burial rite of cremation. In the narrative after the conquest of Grendel, a gleeman sings the Finnsburh Episode, the story of a Danish peaceweaver who lost husband, brother and son in the feud. Once the tribes agreed to peace:  Then Hildeburh ordered                       her own dead son placed on the pyre                               beside his uncle Hnaef, their bone-cases burned,                      given full fire-burial. Beside them both                                 the noblewoman wept, mourned with songs.                            The warrior rose up; the mighty death-fire                            spiraled to heaven, thundered before the mound.                Their heads melted, their gashes spread open,                     the blood shot out of the body’s f... ...ons, edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987.  Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1907–21; New York: Bartleby.com, 2000         The poet â€Å"mentions pagan error, briefly and in passing (175-88), before depicting noble pagan monotheists for some 3000 lines†(Frank 58).     SECONDARY BIBLIOGRAPHY  Frank, Roberta. â€Å"The Beowulf Poet’s Sense of History.†In Beowulf – Modern Critical Interpretations, edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987.   Robinson, Fred C.. â€Å"Apposed Word Meanings and Religious Perspectives.†In Modern Critical Interpretations: Beowulf, edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. Â
Saturday, October 12, 2019
Presidential vs. Parliamentary Political Systems Essay -- Political Sc
Presidential vs. Parliamentary Political Systems      There are two main types of political systems, one being a presidential system and the other being a parliamentary system. Both of them have their own benefits as well as their own disadvantages. No political system can be perfect or can always have stability, but shown in history there are successful countries that use either one. Also there are countries that have failed with one of the two systems.      Firstly there is the presidential system. There are many characteristics to a presidential system. The first main part of a presidential system is how the executive is elected. The executive is a president who is elected to a fixed term. Also a president is not only head of state, but is head of government. The president is the sole executive of the government. Even though there is a cabinet in a presidential system it does not have the power it does in a parliamentary system. The cabinet is chosen by the president instead of chosen by the parliament. A president has to follow a constitution rather than following history. The president actually has a large part in the government’s decisions. A big advantage to political scientists of the presidential system is that there is a separation of powers. The legislative branch being separate from the executive branch lets one another keep checks and balances on each other. This assures that no one branch will take over or attempt to take over the government. Another advantage of a presidential system is that the population elects the chief executive and the legislative branch. By winning a popular vote shows that most of a country is backing the executive which does not seem to cause revolution. The president can not dissolve an assembly as one can in a parliamentary system. Also in a presidential system there is the judicial branch, which is the court system. The judicial branch is important because it helps uphold the constitution. One of the last advantages of a presidential system is that there is more stability because a president is elected to a fixed term, where as in a parliamentary system a prime minister can be ousted at any time. A presidential system is not perfect, but it has it’s high and low points.      The other type of political system being analyzed is a parliamentary system. A parliamentary system has its executive branch in ... ... be elected by the majority of the population of the country. Also there being a written constitution in a presidential system makes it easier to prefer because this explains the law precisely and accurately. In a presidential system there is a judicial branch which makes it fair to be tried for crimes, which is a plus too. I may be bias because I live in a country that has a presidential system, which is the United States and it is the most successful nation, but I feel that even if lived in another country I would envy our style of government and would want to live here. A presidential government is by the far the most successful and fairest way to run a country. I feel that France is most comparable to the political system I prefer. It is semi-presidential, which is more effective than a parliamentary system. Their election process is similar to a presidential system, which shows a popular vote in the population wins. The parliament can censure the premier also, which is good because it does not let one part of government make any drastic changes without the parliament agreeing. I feel that France is most like my preferred type of political system because of these reasons.
Friday, October 11, 2019
Physics and Science
Of course, nuclear explosions, power sources, â€Å"lawlessness†of computers and lasers, new materials show that the focus of interest of scientists extends far beyond the â€Å"fragments of the last century. †However overact image of the scientist, and the whole science – tenacious. Although little can be so far from the truth as painting created impressionable and ardent poet. Even when Mayakovsky wrote his verse, and in science and around Shakespeare's dramas quite scale.To be understood correctly, I should note that the question â€Å"To be or not to be†as applied to humanity and not the individual, though considerable, was first raised by physicists precisely and on the achievements of physics. It's not by chance that for about three centuries were marked by the science. People involved in it, opened and opened the fundamental laws of nature that determine the structure and movement of material objects in a large range of distances, time and mass. Ranges of these great – from the small, atomic and subatomic to the cosmic and universal.Of course, this is not physics said â€Å"Let there be light,†but they found its nature and properties, set contrast to the darkness, and have learned to manage them. In its work, physics, crucially the largest of them, have developed a certain way of thinking, the main elements of which is the willingness to rely on well-tested, fundamental laws and the ability of a complex nature, and the public, a phenomenon highlight the main element, as simple as possible, that allows us to understand the very complex phenomenon under consideration.These features allow physicists approach very successfully deal with problems often lie far beyond their specialization. Confidence in the unity of the laws of nature, based on extensive experimental material, confidence in their fairness, coupled with a clear understanding of the limitations of the applicability of existing laws physics pushes for ward, abroad unknown today. Physics – the science is complicated. It requires a lot of intellectual effort from the people who do it. It is incompatible with the amateurish.I remember how, at the end of the University and the Shipbuilding Institute in 1958, I was standing at the crossroads – where to go next. And my father, very far from science, asked me if I could go back to engineering after a dozen years of studying physics. My answer was an unqualified â€Å"yes. †â€Å"In physics, after ten years of engineering? â€Å", – He said. My â€Å"no†and identified a further choice, which is not sorry and I do not regret a second. The complexity of physics and the importance of its results that create a picture of the world and encourage the spread of its ideas far beyond most of this science in the public interest to her.I will give some of these ideas, in the order received. This is a scientific (not speculative! ) Atomism, the opening of the e lectromagnetic field, the mechanical theory of heat, the establishment of the relativity of space and time, the concept of an expanding universe, and quantum leaps in principle, not because of the error, the probabilistic nature of the physical processes in the first place, the micro- level, the grand unification of all interactions, establishing the existence of not directly observable subatomic particles – quarks.Here then there are popular books that are designed not to teach physics beginners, and explain her interest. There is another purpose of popular books, including the very well-known to people of my generation is â€Å"Entertaining Physics†Yakov Perelman, not relative ME Perelman. I am referring to a demonstration of how much things in everyday life, familiar to us technique and technology, one can understand qualitatively, based only on the well-known fundamental laws of physics in the first place – the law of conservation of energy and momentum, an d the confidence that they are universally applicable.Objects of the laws of physics are vast. Why not pour water into the boiling oil, why stars twinkle in the sky, why is twisted water, emerging from the bathroom, why crack the whip and why the driver spins it over his head, to enhance the sound of the click, why ever would try to jump off the rail locomotives, but never make it electric? Why roars menacingly approaching plane and moving away, he moves to a falsetto, and why dancers or figure skaters begin to spin, throwing open wide â€Å"arms,†but then quickly pressed his hands to the body?Of the â€Å"why†of each in everyday encounters, not to mention not everyday life in abundance. They may be useful to learn to see, train yourself to find incomprehensible. Books by E. Perelman contain a record number of such questions â€Å"why? †(Five hundred), give them the answers, in most cases – definitely right, sometimes – beckoning to the discuss ion, occasionally – probably incorrect, provoking disagreement. There are questions that science has to date simple and generally accepted answer. Hence, the reader is room for an intense intellectual work. Along the way, the author explains the ell-known professionals to but less severe confusion among outsiders. That is, the author emphasizes the operational nature of many of the definitions in such a universally recognized exact science like physics. Professionals know that even the most fundamental of concepts, which operates physics, such as time and energy, space and momentum adjusted as further development of science itself. Even the vacuum, once the analogue of absolute emptiness, lack of anything was self-evident in the â€Å"empty†space in time â€Å"overgrown†means non-trivial features of the primitive raises complex object of study.Versatility physical approach dictates a similar attitude to the definitions of non-trivial concepts and other areas t hat are very far from physics. Read books mentioned ME Perelman interesting and professionals – to argue, to find other, allowing a simple, sometimes graphic, explaining the issue. But a layman can expand your horizons, not necessarily rushing to their own, different from the author, explanation. It is worth remembering that the writing – verbal impression, often greatly simplified, with sometimes very complex physical concepts, based on a far from trivial in the everyday sense of the physical theory.No need to follow the example of the real character, the director of one of the Moscow Research Institute who denied particular theory of relativity (general he chityval! ) Because the formula is the speed of light! â€Å"What would happen if the light off? †– Wrote in the science department of the Central Committee of the CPSU venerable gunmaker. Studying physics, beginning to understand its laws, shall be attached to the special beauty, there is actually a n extra dimension to the perception of the surrounding world.This was written when – the great physicist Richard Feynman, noting that understanding the nature of the glow of stars, the mechanism of their birth and death makes the picture night sky even more beautiful and romantic. I wish, in conclusion, to mention one, a few unexpected side benefit of knowledge of physics, though by no means superficial. About him once told Academician Migdal. It lights up in the mountains and attractions nearby couple. The young man explained his pleasant companion, why daytime sky is blue.He told her about the scattering of light, referred to Lord – theoretical Rayleigh. The girl was sitting with his mouth open, looking admiringly at the scholar. But of the bore, and he, showing carelessness and inattention to a senior, said that the probability of scattering of radiation is proportional to the cube of the frequency. Migdal but was already on the alert. Remembering a classic, it is a ppropriate only in a very weakened form, say, perhaps, academic â€Å"in thought, under the night darkness, mouth kiss the bride. â€Å"Young man, the probability of scattering can not be proportional to the cube of the frequency – it would clearly be contrary to the invariance of the theory with respect to time reversal. The relay, as it should be, the probability is not proportional to the cube, and the fourth power of the frequency! †– In his usual tone, dogmatic said Migdal. Needless to say, that triangle changes shape, and the fat was cathetus hypotenuse, reaching the top. In short, read about physics and who is not too late – learn it. It will pay off. Physics in MedicineMedical physics – the science of the system, which consists of the physical devices and radiation, medical diagnostic equipment and technology. The purpose of medical physics – the study of these systems for prevention and diagnosis, and treatment of patients using t he methods and tools of physics, mathematics and engineering. Nature of the disease and the mechanism of recovery in many cases have biophysical explanation. Medical physicists are directly involved in clinical processes, combining physical and medical knowledge, sharing with the doctor responsible for the patient.The development of medicine and physics have always been closely intertwined. Even in ancient times medicine used for medicinal purposes physical factors such as heat, cold, sound, light, and various mechanical actions (Hippocrates, Avicenna and others). First medical physicist, Leonardo da Vinci (five hundred years ago), who conducted the study of mechanics of movement of the human body. The most prolific medicine and physics were to interact with the end of the XVIII – XIX centuries. , When they were discovered electricity and electromagnetic waves, that is, with the advent of electricity.To name a few names of great scientists who have made important discoveries in different epochs. End of XIX – the middle of the twentieth century. connected with the discovery of X-rays, radioactivity, theories of atomic structure, electromagnetic radiation. These discoveries are associated with the names of C. Roentgen, Becquerel, M. Sklodowska-Curie, D. Thomson, Planck, Bohr, Einstein, Rutherford. Medical physics has truly establish itself as an independent science and profession only in the second half of the twentieth century. – With the advent of the atomic age.In medicine, have been widely used radiodiagnostic gamma apparatus, electronic and proton accelerators radiodiagnostic gamma camera, CT scanners, and others, hyperthermia and magnetic therapy, laser, ultrasound, and other medical and physical techniques and instruments. Medical physics has many sections and titles: medical radiation physics, clinical physics, physics oncology, therapeutic and diagnostic physics. The most important event in the field of medical examination may be th e creation of CT scanners, which have broadened the study of almost all organs and systems of the human body.OCT have been installed in hospitals around the world, and a large number of physicists, engineers and doctors worked on improving techniques and methods of bringing it almost to the limits of the possible. The development of nuclear medicine is a combination of methods and physical methods radiofarmatsevtiki registration of ionizing radiation. Positron-emission tomography imaging was invented in 1951 and published in the paper of Rennes. Physics and literature In life, sometimes without realizing it, physics and literature are closely intertwined.Ever since ancient times, people in order to convey to posterity literary word, used the invention, based on knowledge of physics. On the life of the German inventor Johannes Gutenberg is little. However, the great inventor, to convey to us the literary masterpieces studied the laws of physics and mechanics. Organized them in printi ng, he published the first book in Europe, which has played an important role in human development. The first Russian printer – Ivan Fedorov, was known to contemporaries as a scientist and inventor.For example, he was able to cast cannon invented multilateral mortar. A first remarkable images of the literary and art of printing – â€Å"The Apostle†(1564) and â€Å"Chasovnikov†(1565) will remain forever in people's memory. The name of Mikhail Lomonosov we call one of the first in the series of the most remarkable representatives of the national science and culture. The great physicist, he left a number of works that are important for the industrial development of Russia. A large part of his scientific work took optics. He manufactured optical instruments and original mirror telescopes.Exploring the sky with their instruments, inspired by the infinite universe, Lomonosov wrote beautiful poetry: Opened an abyss full of stars. The stars of not, the abyss â €“ the bottom †¦ Without such a science as physics would not be a literary genre as science – fiction. One of the founders of the genre was the French writer Jules Verne (1828 – 1905 gg. ) Inspired by the great discoveries of the XIX century, the famous writer surrounded physics glamor. All of his book â€Å"From the Earth to the Moon†(1865), â€Å"The Children of Captain Grant†(1867-68 gg. ), â€Å"20,000 Leagues Under the Sea†(1869-70 gg. , â€Å"The Mysterious Island†(1875 . ) are imbued with the romance of this science. In turn, many inventors and designers inspired the incredible adventures of heroes of Jules Verne. For example, the Swiss scientist – physicist Auguste Piccard, like repeating the path of fantastic characters he invented climbed into the stratosphere stratosphere, making the first step towards uncovering the mysteries of cosmic rays. The next fad A. Piccard was the idea of the conquest of the sea dept hs. The inventor himself sinking to the sea floor and to build them bathyscaphe (1948).For about 160 years ago in â€Å"Notes of the Fatherland†published â€Å"Letters on the Study of Nature†(1844 – 1845). Herzen – one of the most important and original works in the history of philosophy as well as natural science, Russian thought. Revolutionary, philosopher, author of one of the masterpieces of classical Russian literature works â€Å"My Past and Thoughts†– Herzen, however, was keenly interested in the natural sciences, including physics, he has repeatedly stressed in his writings. Now you need to turn to the literary heritage of Tolstoy.First, because the great writer was a teacher – the practice, and second, that his works relate to the natural sciences. Best known for the comedy â€Å"The Fruits of Enlightenment. †The writer is extremely negative attitude â€Å"to all kinds of superstitions,†he believed that the y â€Å"hamper and hinder the true teaching it to penetrate into the soul of the people. †Tolstoy understand the role of science in society: first, he was a supporter of the organization of society on sound science, and second, it makes a powerful emphasis on the moral – ethical standards, and because of this science in the treatment of Tolstoy are secondary science .That is why Tolstoy ridiculed in â€Å"Fruits of Enlightenment†Moscow gentry in the heads of which are mixed science and Antiscience. I must say that at the time of Tolstoy on the one hand that time, physics is in deep crisis due to the experimental verification of the main tenets of the theory of the electromagnetic field, which disproved the hypothesis of the existence of Maxwell's world ether, that is, the physical environment, which transmits electromagnetic interactionsOf course, nuclear explosions, power sources, â€Å"lawlessness†of computers and lasers, new materials show that the focus of interest of scientists extends far beyond the â€Å"fragments of the last century. †However overact image of the scientist, and the whole science – tenacious. Although little can be so far from the truth as painting created impressionable and ardent poet. Even when Mayakovsky wrote his verse, and in science and around Shakespeare's dramas quite scale.To be understood correctly, I should note that the question â€Å"To be or not to be†as applied to humanity and not the individual, though considerable, was first raised by physicists precisely and on the achievements of physics. It's not by chance that for about three centuries were marked by the science. People involved in it, opened and opened the fundamental laws of nature that determine the structure and movement of material objects in a large range of distances, time and mass. Ranges of these great – from the small, atomic and subatomic to the cosmic and universal.Of course, this is not physi cs said â€Å"Let there be light,†but they found its nature and properties, set contrast to the darkness, and have learned to manage them. In its work, physics, crucially the largest of them, have developed a certain way of thinking, the main elements of which is the willingness to rely on well-tested, fundamental laws and the ability of a complex nature, and the public, a phenomenon highlight the main element, as simple as possible, that allows us to understand the very complex phenomenon under consideration.
Thursday, October 10, 2019
A Comparison between Hills Like White Elephants
Below is a free essay on â€Å"Compare†from Anti Essays, your source for free research papers, essays, and term paper examples. Comparison between â€Å"Hills like white Elephants†and †Cat in the Rain†Similarities between â€Å"Cat in the Rain†and â€Å"Hills like white Elephants†: 1) Characters are couples in both. â€Å"Cat in the Rain†– â€Å"There were only two Americans stopping at the hotel†â€Å"Hills like white Elephants†– â€Å"The American and the girl with him sat at a table in the shade, outside building†2) The place where actions occur is not home, characters stayed there for a while. ‘Cat in the Rain†– â€Å"There were only two Americans stopping at the hotel†â€Å"Hills like white Elephants†– â€Å"He picked up the two heavy bags and carried them around the station to the other tracks†3) In both works one of characters is girl an d she wants something, she was looking for something. †Cat in the Rain†– †And I want to eat at a table with my own silver and I want candles.And I want it to be spring and I want to brush my hair out in front of a mirror and I want a kitty and I want some new clothes†â€Å"Hills like white Elephants†– â€Å"Could we try it? â€Å", â€Å"We want two Anis del Toro†, â€Å"I wanted to try this new drink†4) Secondary characters are speaking another language. â€Å"Cat in the Rain†- †The maid looked up at her. â€Å"Ha perduto qualche cosa, Signora? â€Å"Hills like white Elephants†– â€Å"Dos cervezas,†the man said into the curtain 5) Also secondary characters are staff. â€Å"Cat in the Rain†– The maid looked up at her â€Å"ha perdute qualche cosa, Signora? †â€Å"Hills like white Elephants†– The Man called â€Å"listen†through the curt ain. The Woman came out from the bar. 6) Characters a little bit nervous. â€Å"Cat in the Rain†– â€Å"I get so tired of it†, she said. â€Å"I get so tired of looking like a boy†â€Å"Hills like white
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
Assessment Type
The general goal is to introduce and develop the skills needed to conceptualise a problem and a viable research topic. Students will make use of available literature, design a research strategy, evaluate, organise, and integrate relevant data (both existing and new), derive useful solutions, and communicate those solutions in an appropriate form to clients and colleagues. The module will prepare students to continue their own professional education and contribute to the development of the profession as a whole, at a standard commensurate with the current level of knowledge. The module surveys the basic processes of research methodology as practised in the social sciences. Underlying principles of science and logic are emphasised and special attention is directed toward the recognition of common sources of error and bias in the implementation and interpretation of research studies as it affects the outcomes of research utilisation. You are required to submit a research proposal. The content of the document produced by each student is required to cover the specific areas and to be within specific maximum word lengths (marks allocation and word lengths in brackets) as follows: 1. Title and Introduction. Form a clear title of a proposed research. Elaborate on the background of the industry and/or company to be researched as well as the problem or issue identified. Also explain the significance and rationale of the proposed research. (15 marks / 800 words maximum) 2. Research Questions. Construct the questions to be answered in the proposed research. (5 marks / 100 words maximum) 3. Research Objectives and Framework. State the research objectives in terms of the factors or causes identified (independent variables) and their relationships with the identified problem or issue (dependent variable). Following the stated objectives, construct a proposed research model or conceptual framework. (5 marks / 100 words maximum) 4. Literature Review. With reference to various relevant literatures, write a critical review and analysis of both the conceptual/theoretical and practical aspects of the identified problem/issue and factors/causes. (40 marks / 2,000 words maximum) 5. Research Methodology and Design. Elaborate the concept, types and approaches in research. Propose a research design for the research topic selected with detailed explanation on elements such as the sample, sample size, types and sources of information, collection methods and operationalisation or measurement of variables. (15 marks / 800 words maximum) 6. Ethical Considerations. Identify ethical issues involved and steps taken to prevent breach of research ethics. (5 marks / 100 words maximum) 7. Timescale or Gantt Chart. Construct a Gantt Chart in weeks that includes the stages and milestones of the research tasks and their respective time allocations. 5 marks / 100 words maximum) 8. References. Using the Harvard referencing system, provide a comprehensive list of references. (10 marks) Assessment Requirements: †¢ The submission of your work for assessment should be organised and clearly structured in a report format as outlined in 1. 0 to 8. 0 above. †¢ Maximum word length allowed is 4000 words, which includes sections 1. 0 to 7. 0 in the report. The word coun t excludes section 8. 0. †¢ This assignment is worth 100% of the final assessment of the module. Student is required to submit a type-written document in Microsoft Word format with Times New Roman font type, size 12 and line spacing of 1. 5. †¢ The Harvard Style of Referencing system is COMPULSORY. †¢ Indicate the sources of information and literature review by including all the necessary citations and references adopting the Harvard Referencing System. †¢ Students who have been found to have committed acts of Plagiarism are automatically considered to have failed the entire semester. If found to have breached the regulation for the second time, you will be asked to leave the course. Plagiarism involves taking someone else’s words, thoughts, ideas or essays from online essay banks and trying to pass them off as your own. It is a form of cheating which is taken very seriously. Take care of your work and keep it safe. Don’t leave it lying around where your classmates can find it. Malaysian Qualifications Agency Learning Outcomes Module Learning Outcomes: †¢ Demonstrate the skills necessary to assess and interpret existing research as a prelude to carrying out further investigation and the knowledge and understanding of range of research designs and their appropriate utilization. Conceptualise a problem; formulate hypotheses and objectives; design a research strategy, collecting, analyzing, and interpreting both quantitative and qualitative data, including commonly encountered statistical procedures. †¢ Understand the theoretical principles underlying inferential and descriptive statistics. †¢ Integrate the findings of existing research to ask a new research question. †¢ Engage in critical thinking when reading and comprehending research articles. Choose the most appropriate statistical analyses, interpret results, and write up the results accurately and completely. Notes on Plagiarism Harvard Referencing Plagiarism Plagiarism is passing off the work of others as your own. This constitutes academic theft and is a serious matter which is penalised in assignment marking. Plagiarism is the submission of an item of assessment containing elements of work produced by another person(s) in such a way that it could be assumed to be the student’s own work. Examples of plagiarism are: the verbatim copying of another person’s work without acknowledgement †¢ the close paraphrasing of another person’s work by simply changing a few words or altering the order of presentation without acknowledgement †¢ the unacknowledged quotation of phrases from another person’s work and/or the presenta tion of another person’s idea(s) as one’s own. Copying or close paraphrasing with occasional acknowledgement of the source may also be deemed to be plagiarism if the absence of quotation marks implies that the phraseology is the student’s own. Plagiarised work may belong to another student or be from a published source such as a book, report, journal or material available on the internet. Harvard Referencing The structure of a citation under the Harvard referencing system is the author’s surname, year of publication, and page number or range, in parentheses, as illustrated in the Smith example near the top of this article. †¢ The page number or page range is omitted if the entire work is cited. The author’s surname is omitted if it appears in the text. Thus we may say: â€Å"Jones (2001) revolutionized the field of trauma surgery. †¢ Two or three authors are cited using â€Å"and†or â€Å"†: (Deane, Smith, and Jones, 1991) or (Deane, Smith Jones, 1991). More than three authors are cited using et al. (Deane et al. 1992). †¢ An unknown date is cited as no date (Deane n. d. ). A reference to a reprint is cited with the original publication date in square brackets (Marx [1867] 1967 , p. 90). †¢ If an author published two books in 2005, the year of the first (in the alphabetic order of the references) is cited and referenced as 2005a, the second as 2005b. †¢ A citation is placed wherever appropriate in or after the sentence. If it is at the end of a sentence, it is placed before the period, but a citation for an entire block quote immediately follows the period at the end of the block since the citation is not an actual part of the quotation itself. †¢ Complete citations are provided in alphabetical order in a section following the text, usually designated as â€Å"Works cited†or â€Å"References. †The difference between a â€Å"works cited†or â€Å"references†list and a bibliography is that a bibliography may include works not directly cited in the text. †¢ All citations are in the same font as the main text. Examples Examples of book references are: †¢ Smith, J. (2005a). Dutch Citing Practices. The Hague: Holland Research Foundation. †¢ Smith, J. (2005b). Harvard Referencing. London: Jolly Good Publishing. In giving the city of publication, an internationally well-known city (such as London, The Hague, or New York) is referenced as the city alone. If the city is not internationally well known, the country (or state and country if in the U. S. ) are given. An example of a journal reference: †¢ Smith, John Maynard. â€Å"The origin of altruism,†Nature 393, 1998, pp. 639–40. An example of a newspaper reference: †¢ Bowcott, Owen. â€Å"Street Protest†, The Guardian, October 18, 2005, accessed February 7, 2006.
Tuesday, October 8, 2019
Liability and Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Liability and Risk Management - Essay Example I am the Account Manager for Best Western Hotels and work for a worldwide insurance broker, Aon Reed Stenhouse. It is possible Best Western may employ a staff Risk Manager, but it is more likely this function is performed by an insurance broker since only some of the very largest corporations have an in house Risk Manager. Regardless of whether done by staff or an outside agency, the functions are very similar. At this point, a distinction must be made an insurance agent and an insurance broker. An agent serves only 1 or a very few insurance companies and is paid a commission by them for a business referral. In contrast, a broker has access to the entire insurance market and therefore place coverage with any insurer or group of them in the case of subscription policies for physical damage on behalf of a client such as Best Western. Because their remuneration is derived from their client rather than insurer(s) they are usually more attuned to their customers’ needs than an agen t is. While brokers do place insurance coverage their function is much broader than that. Especially if Best Western does not have a staff Risk Manager, the brokers’ function is to supervise the hotels’ static risk management. For example, as Account Manager for Best Western, I would be responsible for liaising with them to ascertain the risks they face and advising them on the most efficient ways of dealing with each one whether by insurance, transfer to subcontractors, reduction through preventative safety measures, retention, or avoidance. To assist me, I would have a site inspector make at least annual inspections to identify and decide how to minimize perceived hazards. I would probably also have the services of a Claims Manager who would monitor Best Westerns’ claims and if they felt an insurers’ position was wrong, go to bat for the hotel, or conversely if they agreed with the insurer try to convince the hotel their decision was right and in ac cordance with policy terms. In a nutshell my role would be to assist and advise Best Western in all maters related to static risk management. Risk Identification Although there may be slight variations in the risks associated with individual properties due to such variables as differing amenities provided or specific locations, most static risks are common to all. They include the physical risks of damage to the property itself such as by fire, smoke, earthquake ( especially in California), flood, water damage due to leakage from plumbing and fire
Monday, October 7, 2019
Thinking machine response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1
Thinking machine response - Essay Example According to Pinker, the mind works in a computational manner by processing representations in an algorithmic and rule controlled manner. Pinker notes that cognitive science has made it possible to study intelligence. It is difficult to define intelligence, but it is seeable. Intelligence is a measure of achieving goals under difficulties by undertaking sound decisions based on set rules. These set of rules provide a base for confirming or proving whether the decisions carried out are intelligent or not. Humans, according to Pinker, stand to learn a lot about the reasoning process and intelligence through computing machines. Intelligence gets derived from information and not from the spirit or a special substance. Pinker counters other definitions of intelligence forwarded by other thinkers such as those from the school of behaviorism who state that intelligence gets described in terms of desires and belief (Pinker 526). Pinker (536) uses the Turing machine to advance the computational theory of mind. He explains how a machine that can carry out rational thought can get built. The Turing machine processed symbols intelligently to provide data following set definitions, yet it was just an arrangement of gadgets. According to Pinker, the mind works in a similar way. The computational model of thinking states that the mind has representations, which it processes in a rule controlled and algorithmic way (Pinker 541). But it does not imply that the mind is similar to a machine. According to Pinker, unlike a single general purpose computer, the mind is a collection of computers which he refers to as ‘mental organs’. These ‘organs’ all carry out specialized subject matter, and each has its own learning mechanism. Pinker’s computational theory of mind offers selling points and others that can get argued as untrue. The first advantage is that it explains how a collection of matter such as the brain or computers can be intelligent. The
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